{"id":653,"date":"2019-03-23T10:37:19","date_gmt":"2019-03-23T09:37:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/?p=653"},"modified":"2024-08-01T10:52:45","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T09:52:45","slug":"freedom-of-information-law-and-democratization-in-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/freedom-of-information-law-and-democratization-in-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"The Freedom Of Information Law And Democratization In Nigeria"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>By Akeem Ayofe Akinwale<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Nigeria is rife with marginalisation and human rights abuses, which have been aggravated by inequitable distribution of national wealth. This situation calls for viable institutional arrangements for the protection of fundamental human rights. The press has been empowered in this regard but Nigeria remains rife with a plethora of human rights abuses. The present paper therefore examines the freedom of information law and democratization in Nigeria. The paper is conceptualised within the ambit of Mills\u2019 Theory of Sociological Imagination. Data used for the paper were derived from relevant documents and key informant interviews. A total of 64 journalists were purposively selected from 16 print and electronic press organisations in Lagos and Oyo states of Nigeria. Findings show that the press has been empowered through the Freedom of Information Bill, which was signed into law after a decade of its presentation to the Nigerian government. Most of the informants mentioned that the Freedom of Information Law would stimulate democratization, although they expressed doubts about its efficacy. Also, two-third of the informants expressed dissatisfaction over continuity of press freedom abuse in Nigeria. The results of this paper suggest the need for national consciousness to ensure protection of press freedom and human rights in the Nigerian democracy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Democratization, FOIL, Human Rights Abuses, Marginalisation, Press Freedom<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Citation And Access To This Article<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) citation:<br \/>\n<\/em>Akeem Ayofe Akinwale, \u2018The Freedom of Information Law and Democratization in Nigeria\u2019 (2013) No. 1 The Age of Human Rights Journal &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/revistaselectronicas.ujaen.es\/index.php\/TAHRJ\/article\/view\/1266\/1051\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/revistaselectronicas.ujaen.es\/index.php\/TAHRJ\/article\/view\/1266\/1051<\/a>&gt; accessed [insert date of access]\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Faculty of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Editor&#8217;s Note<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Freedom of information refers to the right of access to public or government-held information. It is a human right that derives its status from its parent human right: The right to freedom of expression. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unesco.org\/new\/en\/communication-and-information\/freedom-of-expression\/freedom-of-information\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">United Nations<\/a> aptly stated this fact thus:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Freedom of Information (FOI) can be defined as the right to access information held by public bodies. It is an integral part of the fundamental right of freedom of expression, as recognized by Resolution 59 of the UN General Assembly adopted in 1946, as well as by Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), which states that the fundamental right of freedom of expression encompasses the freedom to \u201cto seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/author\/leesiebenezermitee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leesi Ebenezer Mitee<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong>Legal Informaticist<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Akeem Ayofe Akinwale[1] Abstract Nigeria is rife with marginalisation and human rights abuses, which have been aggravated by inequitable distribution of national wealth. This situation calls for viable institutional arrangements for the protection of fundamental human rights. The press has been empowered in this regard but Nigeria remains rife<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/freedom-of-information-law-and-democratization-in-nigeria\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":658,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[144],"tags":[189,188,187,184,185,183,186],"class_list":["entry","author-guest-author","post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-nigerian-law","tag-akeem-ayofe-akinwale-freedom-of-information-law-nigeria","tag-democratization-in-nigeria","tag-freedom-of-information-law","tag-human-rights-abuses","tag-marginalisation","tag-nigerian-freedom-of-information-act","tag-press-freedom"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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United Kingdom and Nigeria' (LLM dissertation, University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom 2006) Abstract The doctrine of ignorance\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nigerian Lawyers Master Of Laws (LLM) Dissertations Abstracts Database&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nigerian Lawyers Master Of Laws (LLM) Dissertations Abstracts Database","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/master-of-laws-llm-dissertations-abstracts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C400&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 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It examines how to write an effective legal research report, with\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Academic Writing And Publication Ethics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Academic Writing And Publication Ethics","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/academic-writing-and-publication-ethics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Towards Effective Legal Writing In Nigeria","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Towards-Effective-Legal-Writing-In-Nigeria.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Towards-Effective-Legal-Writing-In-Nigeria.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Towards-Effective-Legal-Writing-In-Nigeria.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":471,"url":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/efficacy-of-the-legal-frameworks-for-child-protection-in-nigeria\/","url_meta":{"origin":653,"position":2},"title":"Efficacy Of The Legal Frameworks For Child Protection In Nigeria","author":"Dr. Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","date":"","format":false,"excerpt":"By Wilson Ola Diriwari Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) citation (adjusted): Wilson Ola Diriwari, \u2018Efficacy of the Legal Frameworks for Child Protection in Nigeria\u2019 (PhD thesis, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom 2017) Abstract This research evaluates the potential challenges to a total eradication of child\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nigerian Lawyers Doctoral (PhD) Theses Abstracts Database (Thesis)&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nigerian Lawyers Doctoral (PhD) Theses Abstracts Database (Thesis)","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/law-doctoral-phd-thesis-abstracts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Child Protection In Nigeria Legal Research Website","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Child-Protection-In-Nigeria-Legal-Research-Website.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Child-Protection-In-Nigeria-Legal-Research-Website.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Child-Protection-In-Nigeria-Legal-Research-Website.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":538,"url":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/empirical-research-questionnaire-on-nigerian-law\/","url_meta":{"origin":653,"position":3},"title":"Empirical Research Questionnaire On Access To Nigerian Law For A Law-Reform And Policy-Relevant Academic Legal Research","author":"Dr. Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","date":"","format":false,"excerpt":"By Dr. Leesi Ebenezer Mitee Introduction to the Questionnaire and the Research Hello, Distinguished Senior Advocates of Nigeria, Learned Seniors, and Learned Colleagues! I am requesting your kind assistance to complete this online questionnaire, which is for Nigerian Lawyers (that is, persons who have been called to the Nigerian Bar\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nigerian Law: Journal Articles &amp; Free Access To Nigerian Laws (Legal Information)&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nigerian Law: Journal Articles &amp; Free Access To Nigerian Laws (Legal Information)","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/nigerian-law\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Empirical Legal Research Questionnaire On Nigerian Law By Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Empirical-Legal-Research-Questionnaire-On-Nigerian-Law-By-Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Empirical-Legal-Research-Questionnaire-On-Nigerian-Law-By-Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Empirical-Legal-Research-Questionnaire-On-Nigerian-Law-By-Leesi-Ebenezer-Mitee.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":355,"url":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/laws-of-the-federation-of-nigeria-2004-alphabetical-table\/","url_meta":{"origin":653,"position":4},"title":"Laws Of The Federation Of Nigeria 2004: Alphabetical Table","author":"Dr. Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","date":"","format":false,"excerpt":"This is the alphabetical table or list of the Chapters of the Nigerian Federal laws (legislation or statutes) contained in the Revised Edition of the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. It superseded the Revised Edition of the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 1990. The Revised Edition (Laws\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Laws Of The Federation Of Nigeria (Federal Legislation)&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Laws Of The Federation Of Nigeria (Federal Legislation)","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/laws-of-the-federation-of-nigeria-federal-legislation\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The Laws of the Federation of Nigeria","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-the-Federation-of-Nigeria.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-the-Federation-of-Nigeria.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-the-Federation-of-Nigeria.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":141,"url":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/laws-of-rivers-state-of-nigeria-an-encyclopaedic-guide\/","url_meta":{"origin":653,"position":5},"title":"Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria: An Encyclopaedic Guide","author":"Dr. Leesi Ebenezer Mitee","date":"","format":false,"excerpt":"Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria: An Encyclopaedic Guide Copyright \u00a9\u00a02011 By Leesi Ebenezer Mitee Comments on the Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria Book \u201cThis book is a most welcome contribution to the law reform effort as regards the Laws of Rivers State. Legal practitioners and researchers should find\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nigerian Law Publications (Books And eBooks)&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nigerian Law Publications (Books And eBooks)","link":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/nigerian-law-publications-books-and-ebooks\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria Book and eBook","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-Rivers-State-of-Nigeria-Book-and-eBook.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-Rivers-State-of-Nigeria-Book-and-eBook.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/The-Laws-of-Rivers-State-of-Nigeria-Book-and-eBook.png?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=653"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nigerianlawyersdirectory.com\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}